Registering-machine.



H. A. MARTIN.

REGiSTERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 15, 1914.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

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REGISTERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 15. I914.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

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REGISTERING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man APR. 15. 1914.

Patented Feb. 18,1919,

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REGISTERING MACHINE.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

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REGISTERING MACHINE.

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REGISTERING MACHINE.

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6] Hume-13 Q UNITED sTA'rnsrATEnT orFIo I-IAAKON A. MARTIN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO, (INCORPORATED IN 1906.)

REGISTERING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

Application filed April 15, 1914. Serial No. 831,9 23. 4

1 Machines, of which I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in accounting machines of the kind whlch are arranged to both add and subtract by direct process as distinguished from machines where the subtraction is accomplished by simply adding complements.

The main object of the invention is to provide machines of the general type indicated with an improved total taking mechanism, the most important feature of 'which is the means for correctly showing the balance or difference between the totals of amounts added and of the amounts subtracted regardless of which of said totals happens to exceed the other. This, of course, involves the showing of what is known as a negative total, or the amount by which a minuend has been exceeded. In machines constructedto subtract by direct process, the operation of the carrying mechanism, which in subtracting serves as the borrowing mechanism, results in a condition which affords the principal obstacle to be overcome before the correct negative total can be shown. In all prior devices of this kind, so far as known to the applicant, the arrangement of the mechanism is such that when a totaling operation is performed under the negative adjustment the right hand figure of the negative total is a unit short and the necessary correction is made by simply adding the unit, either automatically as an incident to the totaling operation or by a separate operation of the machine preliminary to taking the total. Mechanism is, of course, provided for performing the necessary carrying operation when the addition of the unit involves a transfer to higher orders. In applicants construction, the right hand figure, or in case the amount ends in ciphers, the right hand consecutive ciphers and the first figure to the left of the ciphers, will always be correct; but each of the other or higher digits will be too great by one. The necesherein applied to type carriers, it is not the desire to be limited to this one application of the invention. The idea can be applied just as well to many other forms of digit carriers such as totalizer elements and indicators.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved alining devices for movable parts of the mechanism. In the present embodiment -this improvement is shown applied to a set of differentially moved totalizer actuators, but it will readily be apparent that the idea is capable of many other applications without departingfrom the spirit of the invention.

With these and incidental objects inview, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in appended claims and a pre ferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter described with reference to thedrawings which accompany and form part of the specification.

Of the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section taken at the right side of the highest order amount bank.

Fig. 2 is a section taken at the right of the special key bank on the line a,a, Fig. 3. I

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the machine with various parts omitted and others broken away, the object being to show the relative positions of certain features of the mechanism.

Fig. at is a section taken on the line 0c-w, Fig. 3, with part of the machine frame broken away better to show the manually adjustable lever and mechanism operated thereby for controlling the totalizer engaging mechanism and the printing devices.

Fig. 5 is a right hand elevation of the printing mechanism with the machine casing and side frame removed.

Fig. 6 is a detail of certain features of the negative total correcting devices.

Fig. 7 is a detail in right elevation of i-ng mechanism, and also shows in diagrammatic form the arrangementof the type.

Fig. 8 is a detail in right elevation of one of the totalizer engaging mechanisms show- 1 ing particularly the pitman which isfemployed in totaling operations.

. Fig. 9 is a detail of mechanism for reversing the direction 'of rotation .of the type carriers.

Fig. 10 is a detail of part of the mechanism for shifting the totalizer frame.

Fig. 11 isa' detail of part of the mechanism by which the highest order adding gear of the totalizer controls the'printing of negative totals.

Figs. 12 and 13 show the manner in which debits and credits are listed on the record strip and the way in which debit or credit balances are shown.

Figs. 14, 15 and 16, are detail views of the plates cooperating with the special keys.

Fig. '17 is a-detail view of the locking plate for one of the banks of amount keys. I The machine shown in the drawings is adapted particularly for use in banks or I similar places where a number of debits and States Letters Patent, filed May credits are made to the same'account. It has a debit and a credit key and rints characters to represent those keys. invention is capable of general application to machines that both add and subtract and, for the sake of clearness and simplicity, the Words adding and subtracting are usually used hereinafter in describing parts -or operations instead of the corresponding words credit and debit. No indicators or main toltalizer are shown and the depart ment totalizers have been altered to produce an adding and subtracting totalizer, but in all. other respects the machine is substanv tially thesame as the one fully shown and described in an application for United H. A. Martin, Serial No. 696,103 (now Patent No. 1,181,238, dated May 2, 1916).

invention are described herein, however, and reference should be made to the application cited if, for any reason, a more detailed description is desired.

The illustrative machine comprises a driving mechanism, differential mechanism, an adding and subtracting totalizer which, under certain conditions, controls the printing mechanism, and a keyboard comprising value keys, special keys, and a manually adjustable lever. The value keys control the differential mechanism, and thereby the operation of the adding and subtracting totalizer as well as the setting of the amount type carriers. The special keys control the lock for the driving mechanism, the positioning of the totalizer frame and the differential operation of the special type carrier, while element consisting of a pair of ears with an frame to bringthe debit or subtracting gears owever, the

Only the devices directly involved in the present with'said totalizer, the printing of the dif ferent totals or balances which may be desired.

The adding and subtracting totalizer is mounted in a sliding frame and comprises a plurality of denomlnational elements, each intermediate pinion between t em, so that when one of the gears is rotated in one direction opposite rotation of its companion gear will be efl'ected. One of these gears is for addition and the other for subtraction. The totalizer frame normally rests in position to bring the credit or adding gears into cooperative relation to the actuating segments and means operated from the special key bank are provided for shifting the totalizer in cooperative relation to the actuating segments on subtracting operations. If it is desired to subtract an amount which is set upon the keyboard, it is only necessary to depress the debit or subtracting key to efiect the positioning of the totalizer frame. At

"the end of the subtracting operation, a

spring restores said frame to the normal position- On credit or adding operations the credit key is operated, but the totalizer frame is not moved, the adding pinions being, as before stated normally in alinement with the actuating mechanism; in fact, about the only reason for providing a creditkey is that the machine lock is controlled by the special key bank, and it is necessary to depress a key in that bank before the machine can beoperated.

Oscillating segments are used to operate the totalizer. The segments are held in 5 their normal positions by a rod extending across the machine under all of the segments. This rod is lowered'at the beginning of an operation to allow'the segments for the banks in which keys have been depressed to 11 be drawn away from their home positions by springs provided for the purpose until the segments are stopped by the depressed keys. The rod mentioned is then restored to its original position, and carries the actuating segments back to normal. On adding and subtracting operationsthe totalizer is engagedwith the actuators during this return to normal position and this operation of the differential mechanism is the same regardis reset in the usual way by changing the time of engaging the totalizer with the oscillating actuators. On a resetting or total taking operation, the totalizer is engaged with the actuators during the movement of the latter away from their normal positlon instead of, as in adding and subtracting'operations, during the return to normal movement of the actuators. These resetting operations are always performed with the adding pinions of the totalizer in engagement with the actuators, and either the amount which is at the time on said pinions or the complement of the amount, depending upon whether the balance is positive or negatlve is set up on the amount printing type carriers through the differential mechanism.

The printing mechanism comprises a type carrying arm operated by the manually adjustable lever a special character type carrier controlled by the special keys and a plurality of amount printing type carriers each having two sets of type bearing a complemental relation one to the other. On ordinary adding and subtracting operations,

and in printing the balance or difl'erence where the minuend exceeds the subtrahend, that is,-where the balance is positlve, the amount is set up on one set of type carriers by the differential mechanism under the control of the value keys when listing items or under the control of the totalizer when taking the credit balance. In case thebalance to be taken is .a negative one, that 1s, when the subtrahend exceeds the minuend, the action of the devices for rotating the type carriers is reversed by mechanism controlled by the highest order adding gear, thereby causing to be set up on the other set of type the complement of the amount which was on the adding pinions at the beginning of the total taking operation. This complement 1s then corrected to show the ctual negative total by devices controlled by the positions of the type carriers. whereby the right hand type carrier, or, in case the amount ends in ciphers the right hand type carriers showing consecutive ciphers and the first type carrier to the left thereof are held rigidly in position, while the others are given an additional step of movement to subtract one from each of the figures shown thereon.

Each totalizer gear of the adding and subtracting totalizer carries means for tripping transfer devices to carry to the de nominational elements of next higher order. Owing to the factthat the adding and subtracting pinions are driven by the same actuators only the one set of transferring devices need be provided. A carrying move ment imparted to the adding pinions by the transfer devices causes opposite rotation of the subtracting pinions to the same extent and vice versa. These transfer devices act not only as carrying devices between the denominational groups on adding operations, but serve as the borrowing devices on subtracting operations. The arrangement of the tripping means for the transfer mech-.

anism is such that a negative balance of even one cent will cause operation of the carrying mechanism all the Way across the totalizer to position the highest order adding pinion to control the printing of the negative total.

The machine may be driven either by an electric motor or by the usual handle and gearing, although neither are shown in thedrawings. The shaft 4 is given one complete rotation in every operation, and, through the gears 5 and 6, (Figs. 1 and 3) imparts a like extent of rotation to the shaft 7. All of the mechanism is driven from these two shafts.

Th keyboard in this particular machine comprises five banks of value keys 8, Fig. 1, a bank containing the total key 11, debit key 12 and. credit key 13, Fig. 2, and a lever 14, Fig. -1, which is manually adjustable to either of two positions depending upon whether an item is to be entered in the total izer under the control of the keys of the keyboard or whether a balance is to be printed.

The value keys 8, Fig. 1, control the differential mechanism for the bank, and these keys are depressible in the usual way against the tension of springs surrounding the shanks of the keys. Each key has an inclined edge 15, which, as the key is depressed, engages one of the pins 16 in the key plate 17 which is swung from the pivots 18 on links 19. The detent plate 17 for each bank also carries a pin 21 to engage the forward shoulders on bell crank zero stops 22 for the differential segments 23. The zero stops are pivoted on studs carried by the adjacent key bank frame, and are held in the position shown by springs 20 attached at one end to the upper arm of the stop and at the other to a pin in the key frame. When a value key is depressed its inclined edge 15 engages the corresponding pin 16, thus swinging the plate 17 down against the tension of the spring 20 until the notch 19 in the key is brought opposite said pin, when the spring 20 returns the plate far enough toward its normal position to engage the pin 16 with the notch 19 and retain the key in its depressed position. The zero stops 22 have lugs 21 normally in the path of shoulders 25 carried by the differential segments 23. Vhen a value key 8 is depressed and locked in the depressed position as just described, the rear end of the zero stop 22 is raised so that the lug 24 is out of the path of -theshoulder 25 on the segment This permits the segment to operate without any interference on the part of the zero stop when the driving mechanism is actuated.

To look the value keys against manipulation at the proper time detent plates 26 Figs. 1 and 17 are provided for each value key bank, said plates being on the opposite side of the keys from the plates 17. These plates are also swung from the pivot 18 y links 27 and 28 similar to the links 19 supporting the plate 17. Each plate 26 1s gage a rod 33 extending beneath all of the value key banks, and supported at either end by arms 34 secured to a sleeve 351 on the shaft 35. This sleeve is rocked by operation of the special keys, and actingthrough the arms 34 and rod 33 will raise the detent plates 26 to carry their pins 31 into engagement with the notches 32 of the keys which have not been, depressed and wlth the notches 36 of depressed keys, thereby preventing movement of any of the Value keys after a special key has been depressed.

The specialkeys 11, 12 and 13, Fig. 2, are depressible against the tension of springs 37 secured at one end to the shank of the key, and at the other end to the key frame. Each key is provided with a pin 38 to coiiperate' with three plates (Figs. 2, 14, 15 and 16) which are swung by pairs of links 41, 42 and 43 on the pivot pins 44 in the frame. The first of these plates, plate 45, has slots 46 normally opposite the debit and credit keys '12 and 13, and a shoulder 47 normally in the path ofthe total key 11. In this normal position of the plate either the key 12 or 13 can be depressed, but operation ofthe total key 11 is prevented. The pin- 48 forming the pivotal connection between the lower end of the plate and the link 41 protrudes far enough to form a stud which is engaged by a slot in the end of arm 51 attached to the shaft 35 which extends across the machine proper, and has secured to its left hand end an arm 53, Fig. 4. This arm53 is connected by a link 54 to the manually adjustable lever 14. When this lever is shifted to its upper position as a preliminary to a total taking operation, the link 54 and arm 53 rock the shaft 35 far enough to carry the slots 46 therein from under the pins 38 in the debit and credit keys 12 and 13, and, of course,'the-shou1der 47 is carried out of the path of the pin 38 and the total key 11. Through this mechanism it will be seen that depression of the keys 12 and 13 is prevented and the total key rendered operable when the lever 14 is adjusted to its total taking position. The second of the swinging plates adjacent to the special key bank, plate 56, is the one which controls the operation of the driving mechanism. It has a slot 57 opposite each key pin 38, each of the three slots being alike and operating the plate 56 in the same manner and to the same extent; that is, when any one of the keys is depressed the plate 56 is swung upward to bring a notch 58 in its upper end opposite a laterally extending lug 61 on an arm 62 which is loose upon the rod 63. Pivoted to [to the lower end of the plate 72, and

the arm 62 is one end of a pitman 64 which is forked at its lower end to straddle the shaft 7. This pitman carries an antidfriotion roll 65 extending into the race 66 of a cam attached to the rotary shaft 7. In the normal position of the parts, as shown, the roll 65 rests against a shoulder 67 forming a part of the cam groove, holding said cam and the shaft 7 against rotation and thereby preventing operation of the driving mechanism. spring'68gextending between the pitman 64 and the adjacent machine frame is at all times under tension and tends to raise the pitman. When the plate 56 is swung up to bring its notch 58 opposite the lug 61, the spring 68 will draw the pitman 64 upward and seat the lug 61 in the notch 58, thereby, becauseof the shape of the slots 57, looking the operated key in its depressed position. This movement of the pitman-64 also'raisesthe roller 65 out of 1 engagement with the shoulder of the cam Just before the portion 70 of the cam groove is carried out of engagement with the roller 65 on the pitman a spring (not shown) draws the plate 56 down to bring its end over the lug 61- so that the arm 62 is held stationary when the cam bearing the groove 66 reaches normal position with the radial portion of the groove opposite the roller 65. The third plate, or plate 72, has no function except to shift the sliding totalizer frame when the debit or subtracting key is depressed. For this reason-its slots under the pins 38 in the total and credit keys 11 and 13 are so arranged that the keys can enter when the keys are depressed without causing any movement of the plate. The slot under the pin in the debit key 12, however, is oblique so that as said key is depressed the plate 72 will be raised and this movement of the plate'is utilized to bring the debit or subtracting pinion of the totalizer in position to engage the actuator. This shifting movement is accomplished by a link 73, pivoted having a pivotal connection with a segment 74, Figs. 3 and 10. This segment is pivoted to one of the cross bars of the machine, and has the general form of abell crank. Its teeth 75 are at all times in engagement with a rack 76 secured to an arm 77, rigid-with the totalizer frame 79. Said totalizer frame 79 is slidably mounted on the shaft 80 and in a rock frame81, the frame 79 and rock frame 81- being grooved to accommodate ball bearlngs 82 provided to make the sliding movement of the totalizer frame 79 as easy as possible. When the debit key 12 is depressed so as to bring the right hand or subtracting shaft 63 is also a frame 94 with gears'of each denominational group of the totalizer opposite the actuators 78. detent plate 56, as stated above, locks the debit key in depressed position and holds it in that position until near the end of the operation, thereby holding the totalizer frame in its adjusted position until the entry in the totalizer is completed. When the key is released the spring 771 returns the to- I talizer frame to the normal position in which it is shown in Fig. 3, that is, with the left hand or adding gear of each denominationalpair opposite the actuators 78.

At stated above, the sleeve 351, Fig. 1, is

rocked 'by operation of the special key,

thereby raising the arms 34 and rod 33 to lift the locking detent 26 and engage the pins 31 with the notches in the .keys. This rocking movement of the sleeve occurs at the instant that the special keys are locked in depressed position. Rigid with the arm 62 Fig. 2 is an arm 85, and attached to the sleeve 351 is an arm 86. A link 87connects these two arms. When the arm 62 is rocked by the spring 68 to engage the lug 61 with the notch 58 in the special key locking detent, the link 87 is of course given a downward thrust, and through the arms 86 rocks the sleeve 351. As a result, the arms 34 and rod 33 are swung upward to operate the locking plates 26 and thereby prevent any manipulation of the value keys after a special key has been operated. When the special keys are released as hereinbefore described, the action of these parts is reversed, and the arms 34 and rods 33 will return the locking plates 26 to their normal inefi'ective positions.

The detent plate 17 is depressedslightly at the end of the operation to withdraw its pin 16 from the notch 191 in the depressed key. This, in connection with the restoring of the detent plate 26 when the special key is released, allows the key spring to return the key to its normal or undepressed position. The plates 17 are depressed as follows: Loosely mounted on the shaft 63 is a yoke 92 having its bar 93 extending laterally across the value banks and contacting the upper ends of the plates 17. Pivoted on the a laterally extending bar 95 to coperate with the bar 93 of the yoke 92. Compression springs 96 are interposed between the bars 93 and 95, as shown. Pivotally attached to the frame 94 is a pitman 97 forked at its lower end to straddle the shaft 7 and carrying an antifriction roll 98 extending across the edge of a cam disk 100 secured to the driving shaft 7. As the cam disk 100 nears the end of a rotation, the inclined edge 101 of the cam The is brought into contact with the roll 98, raising the pitman 97 and rocking the frame 94 anti-clockwise, Fig. 1. This compresses the springs 96, and, through the yoke 92, forces the detent plates 17 down against the tension of the zero stop springs 20 far enough to disengage the pin 16 from the notch 1910f any key that has been depressed. The plates 1.7 are held down until the roll 98 drops off of the point 102 of the cam, when the pitman 97 and frame 94 are restored by the springs 96 and the springs 20 return the zero stop 22 and theplates 17 to their normal positions.

When the manually adjustable lever 14 is moved from the item entering position in which it is shown in Fig. 4, to the upper or total taking position, the value keys are automatically locked against depression, and at the same time the zero stops 22 are lifted to withdraw the lugs 24 from the path of the shoulders 25 on the segments 23. Se-

cured to the shaft 63 is a pair of arms 103 4, to which is pivoted one end of a pitman 105 slotted at its lower end to engage the stud 55 on which the lever 14 is pivoted. The pitman 105 is drawn downwardly by a spring 106, which is always under tension. Rigid with the lever 14 is a plate107 with a recess in its upper edge and an anti-friction roll 108 attached to the side of the pitman 105 rests in this recess when the lever 14 is set at its normal item entering position, but when the lever is moved to the total taking position, the recess is carried from under the roll 1'08 and the pitman 105 is moved upwardly, rocking the shaft 63. This rocking movement of the shaft swings the arms 1 03 clockwise, Fig. 1, and the rod 99 engages the rear end of the zero stops 22 and raises the stops high enough to carry the lugs 24 out of the path of the shoulders 25. At the same time the rod 99 is brought in front of the extensions 111 on the detent plates 17, holding the plates against downward movement, and depression of the value keys is prevented by the inclined edges 15 striking against the pins 16. After the total taking operation, the lever 14 is moved back to the item entering position, .and the spring 106 restores all of the parts just mentioned to the normal positions in which they are shown in the drawing.

The differential mechanism comprises an oscillating segment 23 (Figs. 1 and 2) for each bank, said. segment being pivoted on studs in the adjacent machine frame. The value or amount banks each have pivoted on the same studs an actuating segment 78 having slot and pin connections 112 with downwardly extending arms 113 of the seg ments 23, these slot and pinconnections bebell cranks 122 back to normal, restoring the ing provided so asxto permit a slight movement of the segment 78 independent of the segment 23. This independent movement is given to segment 78 by springs 114 in carrying from totalizer elements of lower to elements of higher value. The operation of this carrying mechanism is fully'shown and described in the application above citedl Attached to the rear'arm 113 of the seg-;

ment 23 is a spring 115 which is fastened at its other end to the machine frame. spring is at all times tensioned to rock the X segments 23 and/78 anti-clockwise, but this is normally. prevented by a rod 116 which passes across the machine under all of the segments 23 and is carried by arms 117 pivoted on the stud carrying the segment 22 for the units and special key banks. Rigid -with each of the arms 117 is an arm carrying movement of the segments to a single step,

but in the banks where keys have been depressed the zero stops will have been lifted to carry their lugs 24 out of the path of the shoulders 25, and the segments in such banks will-continue their movement until the shoulders 25 strike the inwardly projecting ends of thedepressed keys. The sg:

ments remain iii these adjusted positions while the rolls 123 are in the concentrlc por tions 124 of the cam grooves, during which" time the type carriers are set and the totalizer rocked into engagement with the seg: ments 78. The cam grooves then rock the rod 116 to its original position and thereby carrying the segments 23"and 78 back to their. starting points and actuating the totaliz'er. The totalizer is disenga ed from the actuators 78 when the actuators reach the" totalizer.

points where they would have been arrested by the zero stops 22 if nokeys had been depressed and the remaining step of movement to the normal position does not afl'ect the To insure correct 'alinement of the segments 23 when in 'their 'difierentially ad 'justed positions so that the totalizer may 7 so be properly engaged with the segments 78,

alining arms 144 (Fig. 2) are provided, said arms being secured to the". shaft 156.

Also fastened to the shaft 156 is a curved arm 157 with a slot 158 concentric to the stud on which the arms fare pivoted. The rod 116 carried bythese arms'passes through the slot mentioned. The slot 158 is,- slightly shorter than the are through which the rod 116 isswung and near the end of the downward movement of the rod it strikes the bottom of the slot 158, forcing the lever 157 downeand rocking the alining arms 144 into engagement with the alining teeth of the segments 23-and holding themein engagement untilithe rod'116' starts to return to its normal position'. This locks the segments 23 firmly in their adjusted positions and, whilethey-are so locked'the type ca-rriers are adjusted andthe totalizer isen- .gaged with the teeth of the actuating segments 78. vAs shown, the slot 158'is cut out slightly'at the bottom to permit: operation of the'arms 157 as indicated. This'construction provides a very effective positive alining device particularly adapted to use in cases where the parts alined must be firmly held while other parts are being adjusted to positions dependent upon the positions in which the first mentioned parts are locked. The differential positioning of the seg ments 23 only predetermines the positions of the type carriers, and the carriers are then adjusted'by devices comprising a beam 131 for each bankpivoted to the segments 23 asat 132. The other end of the beam is pivoted to a link 133 which is, in turn, pivoted to an arm l34rigidly attached to shaft All of these arms are fastened to the shaft 137, as is also an arm 138, Fig. 2. A pitman I39 carrying a roll 141 extending into the groove 142 of a cam secured to the shaft 1s pivoted to the upper end of the arm 138 and after the segments 23 are positionedto. represent the values registered, the pitman- 139 is operated by its cam to rock the. shaft 137 and swing the cam arms 136 rear-.7

wardly to engage the V-shaped openings in the arms with anti-friction rollers 143 attached tovthe sides of the beams 131. This swings the beams about their pivots 132, and, throughthe links 133 and arms 134, causes differential rotation of the shafts 130 and-sleeves 135 to extents corresponding to .the positions at which the segments have '130 or to one of'the sleeves 135.- For each 7 I beam 131 there is provided a cam arm 136;

been stopped by the depressed keys. The

. differential rotation of the shaft and sleeves is, as will appear later, accomplished in exactly the same waywhen the totalizer is reset to zero, and occurs at the same pointv in the operation ofthe machine. In either case the differential-movement of the shaft and sleeves is transmitted through the intermediate devices to the type carriers. The cam arms 136 remain in engagement with the rolls on the beams 131 while the rod 116 restores the segments 23 to normal, so

the type carriers are all returned to their neutral positions at the end of the opergears mesh with the teeth of a rack 162.

These racks are held in engagement with the gears by a rod 1163 passing through slots 164 in the racks. All of the racks are forked at their lower or forward ends and the inner edges of the forks are provided with teeth 165 and 166 to engage the teeth of gears 167 secured to nested sleeves 168 supported by the shaft 55 to which the lever 14 is fastened. These sleeves also carry gears 171 meshing with gears 172 rotating about the shaft 1701 and rigid with gear segments 173, which are always in engagement with gears 174 secured to the sides of the typecarriers 175. The racks 162 are supported at their forward ends by pins 176 and 177 in the arms of a bell crank 178 pivoted on a stud 181 in the machine frame. Rigid with the bell crank 17 8 is an arm 182. The pitman ferential rotation of the 1.83 normally holds the pins 176 and 177 in the position shown in the drawing thereby supporting the rack 162 in its uppermost position, in which"position the lower teeth 166 of the rack are in engagement with gears 167. This is the position of the parts when entering items and when printing positive balances. By tracing the movement through the various intermediate devices it will be seen that the above mentioned differential rotations of the shaft 130 and sleevesl35 will cause rotation of the type carrier in a clockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 5.

The type carriers for the amount banks have a neutral position marked X in the drawing, and each carrier has two sets 169 and 170 of type, the sets bearing a complemental relation one to the other as'shown in Fig. 7. For reasons appearing later, the negative tvpe on each carrier have two zeros 170 and 170". The normal rotation of the type carriers in a clockwise direction, Fig. 5, will therefore set up on the forward or positive tvpe 169, the values represented by the amount keys depressed. In case no key is depressed in a 'bank, the idle step of movement taken by the segments 23 before their shoulders 25 engage with the lugs on the zero stops will result in the corresponding type carriers being moved simply from the neutral position} X to position the positive zero at the printing line. In printing negativebalances the pitman 183 is forced up Ward by its cam 184, Fig. 9, rocking the bell crank 17 8 about its pivot and lowering the forward ends of the racks 162 to en gage the teeth 165 with the gears 167 Difshaft 130 and the sleeves 135 will then cause anti-clockwise rotation of the type carriers to set up the amount on the rear or negative type 170. The manner in which this pitman is controlled Willbe fully explained hereinafter.

The totalizer is, as before indicated, carried in two frames, a. sliding frame carrying the totalizer proper, and a rock frame in which the sliding frame is mounted. The totalizer as shown in Fig. 3 comprises six pairs of gears 185 and 186 rotatably mounted on a shaft 188. Only five of these sets are actuated by operations of the machine,

' the sixth set being operated only by operations of the transfer devices. Pinions 187 are rotatably mounted on pins in the shaft 188, and these pinion's are at all times in mesh with the gears 185 and 186. By this construction rotation of one of the gears will cause rotation of the companion gear in the opposite direction. The sliding frame is, as before stated, normally held by the spring 771 in position to hold the adding gears 185 in alinement with the actuating segments 78. The manner inwhich the totalizer is shifted by operationof the subtracting or debit key to bring the subtracting gears 186 in alinement with the actuators 78 has already been explained.

The totalizer rock frame 81 is secured to the shaft 80 on Which the sliding frame 79 is loosely mounted. This shaft extends through the machine frames and has secured to its left end an arm 191, Fig. 4. This arm car.- ries a pin 192.projecting through a cam slot 193 in a plate 194 pivoted at 195 to the machine frame. The cam slot 193 is so shaped that if the plate 194 is rocked about its pivot to carry the forward ends downward the arm 191, the shaft 80, and the totalizer rockframe 81 are. rocked to engage the totalizer gears with the actuators 78.

This rocking movement is accomplished in the following manner: The rear end of the plate 194 carries a pin 196,-whichis at all.

times in engagement with either the notch 197 in a pitman 198, or With the notch 200 in a pitman 201. These pitmen are slidably mounted at their lower ends on a shaft 7, and at their upper ends on a pin 202 in an arm 203 forming a part of the lever 14. For each of these pitmen there is provided an arm 204 loosely pivoted on the shaft 4 carrying a pin 205 extending" through slots 206 in the pitman and a roll 207 extending into the grooves 208 and 20 9 of cams 211 and 212 secured to the shaft 7 The slot and pin connection between the pitmen 198 and 201 and the arms 204 is provided to permit adjustment of the pitmen in either direction without changing the position of the rolls 207.

The groove in the cam 211 is so arranged that it reciprocates the pitman 198 during the latter part of the operation of the machine. or while the actuating segments 78 are moving back to their normal starting points, while the groove in cam 209 is so arranged that its pitman is given a similar movement during the forepart of the operation, or while the segments '78 are moving 'from their starting points to their adjusted position. It is clear, therefore, that the time at which the totalizer will be engaged with v the actuating segments depends upon whether the pin 196 is in engagement with the pitman 198, or the pitman 201. During item entering operations the lever 14 is always in its lower position and the pitman 198 is then effective to rock the totalizer engaging mechanism to engage the totalizer with the actuators during the up stroke of the actuators, while adjustment of the lever to its upper or. total taking position engages the pitman 201 with the pin 196, resulting in engagement of the totalizer during the dOWIlStIfJkG of the actuators. The effect of an operation of the machine under the last adjustment is, of course, to reset the totalizer to zero.

It is necessary to aline the sliding totalizer f me 79 so that when it isadjusted to bring the subtracting gears 186 opposite the actuators 78 said gears will be accurately positioned in the same vertical plane with the actuators and maintained in this plane during the rocking movementof the totalizer frame. For this purpose the segment gear 74 and rack 76 are provided with teeth 213 and 214 respectively for engagement by'the alining device 215, Figs..1, 2 and 10. This device is fast on a shaft 216 carrying rigidly an arm 217 pivoted at its upper end to a pitman 218 supported by the driving shaft 7, and having a roller 221 extending into a cam slot 222 fast. to theldriving shaft. At the beginning of. the rotation of the shaft the cam shifts the pitman rearwardly, and

thus engages-the aliningdevice 215 with the teeth 213 enamel; jWhen the totalizer frame 81 is rockedto engage thetotalizer with the actuators, the rack 76 is, of course, carried down out of mesh with the segment 74, but

it is retained in the same. vertical plane by the alining device 215, Figs. 1, 2-and 10, which is provided with a curved edge for this purpose. The alining device 'is not again disconnected from the segment 74 and rack 76 until the totalizer has beenxoperated and rocked out of engagement wlth the actuators. The keys'are released and the alining device 215 withdrawn simultaneously after reengagement of the rack 76'with the segment 74. Then if the frame 79 was shifted because the subtracting or debit key was used in the operation, the spring 771 restores the sliding frame 79 to its normal position. 1 To accomplish transfers the segments 78 have the slot and pin connection 112 before mentioned allowing the segments 78- a step of movement relative their respective se ments 23, so that they may actuate their totalizer elements one step farther than is from the actuating segments and the pordetermined by the differential movement of the segments 23. This step of movement is normally prevented by the arms 223, Fig. 1, striking pins 224 in the segments 78, and holding said segments against the tension of the springs 114 as the segments 23 are re stored to normal position. The arms 223 are each secured t one end of a short sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft 225. To the other end of each sleeve and above the tota1- izer unit of next lower denominational order is secured an arm 226. Each arm has an inclined edge 227 which is engaged at the proper time in item entering operations by the transfer pins 228 and 229 in the adding 80 and subtracting gears 185 and 186 respectively, thereby forcing the arms 226 upward and lifting the forward end of the arms 223 from engagement .with the pins 224. This allows the spring 114 to draw the segments 78- forward a dlstance equal to about one tooth space, this distance being determined by the shoulders 230 on the under sides of the arms 223. Means (not shown) are provided for retaining the arms 223 and 226 in their raised or tripped positions until the transfers are turned in, after which the arms are restored. Just before this restoring operation the totalizer is disengaged tion 124 of the cam groove 124 for operating the segment restoring rod 116 allows the rod to lowerthe segments a distance equal to about two tooth spaces just before the rotation of the cam is completed. .It is durring this time that the transfer devices are restored, and the segments 23 are then returned to normal pos1t1on causing the pins 224 toeengage the ends of the arms 223 and thereby hold the segments 78 in position to again eflect atransfer when the arms 226 are forced up by the transfer pins.

When the'totalizer is reset in total taking operations, the adding gears 185 are always v in engagement with the actuators 78 dur- 11o ing the down-stroke of the actuators causing rotation of the gears in a direction opposite to that in which they moved during adding operations and the pins 228. in the gears 185 then strike the shoulders 231, on'the arms 226 limiting the downward movement of the actuato'rs to extents depending upon the num- 'ber of steps that the pins 228 have been carried' away from their normal position during item entering operations. In case a to- .120

talizer element already. stands at zero, the idle step of movement of the segment 23, which occurs before the totalizer is engaged wvith the actuators, will cause subsequent ad 'justment of the type carriers to position the positive zero or the negative zero 170"v at the printing line, depending upon -whether the totalizer is at the -.time in a positive or a negative condition. After the actuators have been stopped in thisway, the cam arms 136 adjust the-type carriers, in the same manner as before described, to set up on the. carriers the amount which was on the gears 185. This part of the operation is thg same regardless of whether the amount so set up is positive or negative.

The pins 228 are so placed in the adding 7 gears that they trip the transfer devices as said gears pass from 9 to 0, while the pins 229 are positioned to trip said devices as the subtracting gears pass froml to 0. It is to be understood, of course, that neither set of pins affects the transfer devices except when the gears carrying them are in mesh with the actuators '78; also that the operation of the transfer devices on either set of gears causes opposite rotation of the companion gears to the same extent. hen amounts are added only, or when amounts are. added and subtracted and the total of the additions exceeds the total of the subtractions, the transfer devices operate simply to carry between the denominational groups in theusual way. If, however, a subtracting item only is entered in the totalizers, or the 'total of the subtractions exceeds the total of the additions, the first subtracting gear to pass from zero to 1 will trip the transfer to the next higher bank causing rotation of the subtracting gear of that bank one step to operate its transfer mechanism and so on clear across the totalizer to the highest denominational order. If, for example, the totalizer is at zero, either because it has been reset, or because the items added and sub tracted are equal, and one cent is entered on the subtractinggears the transfer pins 229 will trip all of the transfers, and the subtracting gears will then all stand at 1. This, of course, causes reverse rotation of the adding gears, and they will all stand at 9. Then if the next entry is an addition the first adding gear to be advanced from 9 to 0 will again operate the transfers 7 all the way across the totalizer and restore the totalizer to a positive condition. For instance if after the one cent subtraction has been made as described, one cent be added, the one step actuation of the cents adding gear will move the gear from 9 to 0 and the subtracting gear from 1 back to 0 and the tripping of the transfers by the transfer pins in the adding gears will restore all of the higher order pairs to zero. Th arrangement described of the subtracting transfer pins controls the mechanism for reversing the rotation of the type carriers to'correctly set 11 on the negative type the true total of subtracted items or the true amount by which the total of the amounts added has been exceeded when items have been both added and subtracted.

Reversing the direction of rotation of the type carriers to set up amounts on the negative type is. as before stated. accomplished by movement given the pltman 183 by its .ion 212, Fig.3. A broad tooth pinion 213 is thrown into engagement with the pinion 212 on negative totaling operations, thereby forming a driving connection between the shaft 1 and sleeve 211. The broad tooth pinion is rotatably mounted on a pin in-the upper end of an arm 211 secured to a short shaft 215 journaled in the lower end of a link 216 swung from the rod 163. Attached to the other end of the shaft 215 is an arm 217.- Spacing collars 218 maintain the parts in correct relative positions on the shaft 215. The upper end of the arm 217 carries a pin 251 extending through a cam slot 252 in the upper end of an arm 253 rigidly connected by its hub 251 to the shaft 55 on which manually adjustable lever 11 is fastened. If the parts just mentioned are in the positions in which they are shown in the drawing, and the lever 11 is adjusted to its upper or total taking position, the cam slot in the arm 253 will carry the arm 217 down and in a backward direction. because of the pull of the spring 267 acting through the plate 268 the link 216 will rock about the shaft 163, thereby preventing the arm 211 from being swung forward to engage the broad tooth pinion 213 with the pinions 212. This is the operation of the parts when the total is positive. In a negative total taking operation when the transfer mechathe shaft 256 has a finger 257 extending laterally under the gear and, as shown in Fig. 3, this finger is long enough to coiiperate with the adding gear regardless of whether the totalizer is in the adding or the subtracting position. All of the teeth on-the highest order subtracting gear are shortened so that while they are long enough for the actuators 78 to operate them, they cannot engage the finger 257 when the totalizer is operated for subtraction. Fastened to the shaft 256 is also an arm 25S Figs. 2, 1 and 11 loosely connected to a lever 261 pivoted on the driving shaft 7. and having a notch 262 to engage the shaft- 215. A spring 263 normally holds the rear end of the lever 261 down and the arm 255 up in position to co- .operate with the long tooth of the totalizer adding gear. \Vhen the transfer mechanism is tripped all the way across the totalizer, the higher order subtracting gears are all advanced a step in the usual way, and the corresponding adding gears are oppositely rotated to the same extent, This step of movement carries the long tooth of the highest order adding gear over the finger 257 camming the finger down and holding it down as long as the totalizer is in a negative condition. The downward movement of the finger rocks the arm 261 so that its notch 262 will engage the shaft 245, and hold the shaft and its supporting link stationary when the lever 14 is moved to total taking position. The rod 245 and the notch 262 then act as the fulcrum for the bell crank formed by the arms 244 and 247 and adjustment of the lever 14 .throws the broad tooth pinion 243 into engagement with the gears 242 against the tension of spring 267. Then when the machine is started the shaft 4 and sleeve 241 rotate as a unit, and the cam 184 at once operates the pitman 183 to lower the racks 162 and thereby reverse-the direction of rotation of the type carriers so that the amount set up under the control of the totalizer will be set up on the negative type.

In order to hold the broad toothed pinion 243 and the pinion 242 fast on the sleeve 241 in correct alinment when disengaged an alining arm 265, rigidly attached to the machine frame is provided for the pinion'248 and a plate 268 pivoted to the arm 244 and slidably mounted on the shaft 4 carries teeth 266 to engage the pinion 242 fast on the sleeve 241. A spring 267 connects the plate and the alining arm and-normally tends to draw the plate 268 and the gear 243 to the left. The arrangement of these alining devices is such that the two pinions 1n question are held against -rotation,except Whenthe broad toothedv pinion is thrown forward into engagement with the pinion 242.

In addition to the notch 262 in the lever 261 holding the link 246 an auxiliary alining device is provided to hold the link during an operation. This is necessary because when the totalizer is reset the long tooth on the highest order adding gear is, of course, immediatelycarried back to normal position. The arm 255 is then free to be moved by the tension of the spring 263 attached to the arm 261, and the rod could then move toward the rear and allow the broad toothed pinion to be disengaged from the pinions 242. The devices preventing this comprise alining'arm 271, Figs. 4. and 9, cooperating with the notch in the lower end of the link. This arm is secured to a sleeve loose on the shaft 7 this sleeve also carrying fast an arm 272. A pitinan 273 is pivoted to the arm 272, said pitman being recipro- 241, which sleeve it will be remembered is only rotated on negative totalingoperations. The groove 274 is so shaped that as soon as the sleeve starts to rotate thearm 271 is drawn up into engagement with the notch in the lower end of the link 246 and held in engagement until just at the end of the operation so that there is no danger of the broad toothed pinion becoming disengaged until all of the functions of the machine are performed. y

The manner in which the totalizer is reset and the amount on the adding pinion transferred to the type carrier's has already been explained. It has also been made clear that when the amount on the adding Wheels is positive, it is set up on the positive type, and when negative the rotation of the carriers is 8 reversed and the amount set up on the negative type. In the latter case, however, the amount transferred to the type carriers is not the correct amount by which the total of the amounts added have been exceeded, due to the operation of the transfer devices. Take for instance, in the example mentioned above Where. the totalizer became negative by one cent, and all of the adding gears were, by the operation ofthe transfer devices, reversely rotated until they were all at their nine positions. If the'totalizer is then reset each of the adding elements Will have nine steps of. movement back to zero,- and the five type carriers are all advanced nine steps in the negative direction so that they will then be positioned to print the complement of the amount on' the adding gears or 111.11. This amount, which is the same as is on the subtracting gears, is, of course, wrong and correcting devices are provided which, in this particular instance, will give all of the type carriers except the right hand one a step of movement to show their digits of the next lower order, in this 110 case the zeros 170". before the impression is taken. Then instead of 111.11 the carriers will print 000.01.

This correcting mechanism will next be described. Each of the type carriers is piv- 115 oted to the side of a plate 275 swinging from the shaft 1701-- The rearwardly ex tending arm of each of the plates has a slot 276 through which extends a. pin 277 carried by an arm 278 splined on a shaft 281 jour- 120 naled in the machine frame. Slidably mounted on arod 282 is a sleeve 2 83 carrying rigidly mounted thereon a yoke 284 spanning the hub of the arm 278, and an arm 285. Both the yoke and the arm are 125 slidably supported at their upper ends bv the shaft 281. Pivoted to the hub of the arm 285 is an element 286 having a slot and pin connection 287 with a collar 288 Sournaled on the shaft 281 and pivoted to the 130 parts, of course, causing the splined upper arm of the element 286 is a pin 291 slidable in the upper end of the arm 285. A spring 292 surrounding the pin 291 and compressed between a stud in said pin. and the upper end of arm 285 holds the element 286 in the position in which it is shown in Figs; 3 and 6, that is, with the pin of the slot and pin connection 287 seated in the upwardly inclined portion of the slot. Pivoted to a boss 293 on the machine base is a bell crank 291 having a slot and pin connection between its upper end and the collar 288. A pitman 295 reciprocated by the groove 296 in a cam attached to the sleeve 211 ispivoted to the lower end ofthe bell crank. The type carriers 175 each have a hole 297, these holes being in alinement with the pin 291 when the type carriers are at the zero 1'70 positions and a series of depressions 298 corresponding to the other negative type are provided to receive the end of the pin 291 when the type carriers are out of the zero position. When the bell crank 29% is rocked 'by its pitman the collar 288 is slid to the left, Fig. 6, on the shaft 281; and through the slot and Pin connection between the collar 288 and the element 286 moves the arm 285 and yoke 284 in the same direction until theend of the pin 291 is stopped by a type carrier which has been rotated past its zero position. Continued movement of the bell crank 294: causes the disabling of the slot and pin connection 287, and, because of the shape of the slot, rocking the element 286 about its pivot to engage its nose 301 with the proper notch of the alining plate 302, the sliding movement of the arm 278 to be slid along the shaft 281, thereby withdrawing its pin 277 from engagement with the slots in the plate 275 carrying the type carriers with which the pin 291 has been engaged. A lining device 303 journaled on the shaft 7 and having a laterally extending arm 301 normally in engagement with the lower of two notches in the rear ends of the plates 27 5 is then operated by a pitman 306 actuated by the groove 307 in a cam attached to the sleeve 211 to. withdraw the lining arm from engagement. The shaft 281 is then rocked clockwise, Fig. 5, by a cam 308. pitman 311 and arm 312 fast to said shaft, thereby swinging the plates 275 with which the pin 277 remains in engagement toward the rear of the machine. As the type carriers attached to these plates are in engagement with the segments 173 this movement of the plates causes the carriers to be rotated sufliciently to present their type of next lower value at the printing line. The lining device is then engaged with tlie upper notches in the rear ends of plates 275 while the impression is taken from the type and the pltmen 295 and 306 are then operated to restore the parts to normal. It IS in this way that the complementary amount set up on the type when the totalizer is reset under the negative adjustment is corrected to offset the effects of the borrowing operations of the transfer mechanism and thereby show the true amounts by which the totals of the additions have been exceeded.

To illustrate the operation of this correcting mechanism, reference is again made to the example where the totalizer became negative by one cent and 111.11 was set up on the type carriers. At the proper point in the operation, the pin 291 is carried toward the type carriers until it is stopped and disconnected from the driving mechanism by the units type carrier. As the end of the pin 291 is then seated in one of the recesses 298 in the units type carrier said typecarrier is held immovable. As the pin 291 moves into engagement with the unit-s type carrier the pin 277 is withdrawn from the carrying plate 275 for that carrier and the plates 275 with which pin 277 remains in en gagement are then adjusted by the movement of the pin, 277, rotating the type carriers to show their digits of the next lower order, which in this instance are the zeros 17 0". If, however, the amount on the totalizer is such that in setting up the complement on the type carriers the lower order type carriers are not adjusted past their zero 170 positions, the pin 291 goes through will then be passed through the zero holes in the three right-hand type carriers and engage a recess 298 in the fourth type carrier holding all four carriers immovable while the fifth or highest amount carrier is advanced one step before the impression is taken, thereby causing to be printed 010.00, which is correct.

The type carrier .315, Fig. 3, for the special bank has a normal neutral position and is differentially rotated in operations of the machine in the same way as the amount type carriers. The arrangement of the special characters on the periphery of the carrier is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7. 'hen the credit key 13 is pressed and the machine operated to enter an item, the segment 23 of the special key bank swings down 'until stopped by the depressed key and the type carrier 315 is then positioned to present at the printing line the credit characters designated bv the numeral- 516. The debit characters designated by the numeral 517 are rendered effective in the 

